有以下3种实现方式：

1、FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ：从文件系统加载IoC配置文件

3、WebXmlApplicationContext：通过WebApplicationContextUtils获取

参考代码：

        //加载单个xml文件
        ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //加载多个xml文件
        String[] locations = new String[]{"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
        ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(locations);

        //加载单个xml文件
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //加载多个xml文件
        locations = new String[]{"bean1.xml", "bean2.xml", "bean3.xml"};
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(locations);

        
        ServletContext servletContext = request.getSession().getServletContext();
        ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);